Charles Darwin

 Charles Robert Darwin is a famous naturalist and traveler best known for the creation of the theory of evolution. He received his education in an ordinary school. Later, he studied at Butler’s gymnasium. At that time, the passion for the natural sciences greatly influences Darwin’s work. Then, a considerable period of time life of Darwin was devoted to teaching at the universities of Edinburgh, Cambridge. In 1831, he began a six-year journey around the world. Therefore, many of Darwin's works were the result of his observations during the expedition.

From 1838 to 1841, Darwin served as secretary of the Geological Society of London. In 1842, the first sketch of an evolutionary theory of Darwin was published. After exploring his theory of the origin of species, it was described. Darwin's traveling gave the author material for the further study of organisms evolution.

Biography of Charles Darwin was immortalized when his name was given to streets, museum, and award. Darwin Museum constantly presents biological and art expositions. Darwin Award is characterized by ideas: it is awarded for a foolish death or loss of ability to have children.

Darwin’s work greatly influenced the formation of modern psychology. The theory of evolution has opened exciting opportunities related to contiguity of mental processes in humans and animals. The theory of evolution has caused changes in the object of study of psychology. Previously, structuralists have concentrated on the analysis of the contents of consciousness. Darwin's works have pushed some of them to begin the study of functions that could carry out. For many researchers, it was more important than the engagement in an analysis of its individual elements.

The laws established by Charles Darwin gave a materialistic basis for the interpretation of organisms in nature. They underlined the evolutionary nature of human development. Moreover, Darwin focused on the idea of the psyche adaptive significance.

Darwin's ideas are important for psychology. The most significant of them include the problem of mentality and problem of connection between psyche of animals and humans, the question of the man descent and sexual selection. Darwin found a significant resemblance of man to animals. The scientist established that the ontogeny of phylogeny was a repetition of generic forms of its kind.

Darwinian doctrine marked a sharp turn from one form of determinism to another. New determinism was biological. Darwin pointed to the survival of the fittest organisms as the survival factor in the threatening livelihood environment. In the course of evolution, only those, who could most effectively adapt, survive. The bearing element in this scheme is a factor of heredity. Darwin gave a precise scientific explanation of expediency without referring to the concept of innate purpose. All these innovations have revolutionized not only biology but also psychology.

Since natural selection takes away all that is necessary for life, it would destroy mental functions if they are not contributing to adaptation. This prompted to consider the mind as an element of adaptation to the environment. This gave rise to a new system style of thinking, which later led to the conclusion that the subject matter of psychology should not be individual consciousness but its behavior in the environment changing the body and mental makeup of the individual.

The concept of individual variation is an indispensable part of the evolutionary theory of Darwin. They include changes in the psyche. It gave a powerful impetus to the development of a new direction in psychology, the subject of which was the study of individual differences between people due to the laws of heredity.

The theory of evolution by natural selection immediately attracted the attention of the public and caused a heated debate. After the publication of the works of Charles Darwin, the fact of evolution has ceased to cause doubt in the majority of scientists. The main dispute turned around the paths of life on Earth and the driving forces of evolution.

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